{"id":159,"date":"2006-12-19T11:19:04","date_gmt":"2006-12-19T15:19:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.environmentalriskmanagers.com\/erm\/protocol-for-water-leaks-and-moisture-analysis\/"},"modified":"2006-12-19T11:19:04","modified_gmt":"2006-12-19T15:19:04","slug":"protocol-for-water-leaks-and-moisture-analysis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/estrategist.com\/members\/protocol-for-water-leaks-and-moisture-analysis\/","title":{"rendered":"PROTOCOL FOR WATER LEAKS AND MOISTURE ANALYSIS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>environmental Strategist,  between the lines:<\/strong> A client of ours, who shall remain anonymous,  is a residential developer, contractor and remediator and they created  &#8220;__________Protocol For Water Leaks and Moisture Analysis&#8221;, to educate  their client&#8217;s and bring value to their product. I feel this  competitive environmental intelligence gives you a proactive platform  in dealing with mold. Since mold is in the air you and I breathe  any professional or business may have exposure to water leaks or mold  and can benefit from this. I recommend businesses blend this into  their environmental Management Strategy (eMS)<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">If you have not heard by now,  attorney&#8217;s have a saying, &#8220;mold is gold&#8221;.  <\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><font face=\"verdana\" size=\"6\"><strong>_________PROTOCOL  FOR WATER LEAKS<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><font face=\"verdana\" size=\"6\"><strong>AND<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><font face=\"verdana\" size=\"6\"><strong>MOISTURE  ANALYSIS<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ol type=\"1\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\" size=\"5\">Introduction<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ol start=\"2\" type=\"1\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\" size=\"5\">Company procedures<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ol start=\"3\" type=\"1\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\" size=\"5\">Prevention<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ol start=\"4\" type=\"1\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\" size=\"5\">Protocol for Investigation    of<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul><font face=\"verdana\" size=\"5\">Potential Moisture  Problems<\/font><\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ol start=\"5\" type=\"1\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\" size=\"5\">Protocol for Mold    Remediation<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul><font face=\"verdana\" size=\"5\">6.Conclusion<\/font><\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>1.  Introduction<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">As you are aware, water leaks  and mold are currently very high-profile issues within the construction  industry, national media, and with our customers. At ______, we  strive to deliver a quality-built home to each customer, free of defects  and any water-related problems. With this as our goal, we must  also deal with the reality that we have (and may continue to have) water  leaks and related concerns with our homes prior to and after closing.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Therefore, we must visually  investigate all warranty calls relating to water leaks, water penetrations,  excessive condensation, and mold, regardless of the closing date or  warranty period. This protocol will outline the procedures to  be adopted by the company for assessing and monitoring situations, prevention  methods, remediation and repair procedures.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">This protocol, written and  distributed, is not in itself the solution to present or future problems.  Caring people such as our employees using this guideline, common sense,  and listening to our customers, along with swift quality workmanship  will give us the results we desire.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>2.  Company procedures<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>A.Company contact. <\/strong> It is imperative that we, as a company, have all water-related and mold  concerns assessed, monitored, documented, and brought to closure as  soon as possible. This will reduce the exposure of liability to  the company and ensure that our homeowners are taken care of.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">To achieve this, the company  will designate at least one employee as the Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)  contact. The responsibilities of this task are outlined below.<\/font><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul type=\"disc\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Log all water leaks    and mold issues for the company. (Mold investigation forms are attached    as a separate document).<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Inspect or evaluate    each leak and mold case. Prescribe appropriate <\/font><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul><font face=\"verdana\">direction and\/or actions  in accordance with the following protocol.<\/font><\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul type=\"disc\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Organize First Response    Team and provide direction.<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Monitor progress    and ensure each case is brought to closure.<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Ensure that documentation    of actions and correspondence is properly collected and distributed.<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">The company&#8217;s IAQ person  need not be the individual actually making or overseeing the day-to-day  repairs, but must be familiar with them and the prescribed actions to  be taken. They are responsible for reporting on every water leak,  intrusion, or mold situation and keeping the companies log up to date.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">This person must have completed  an IAQ certification program and he\/she must have a very good construction  and\/or warranty service background since they will be evaluating the  possible sources of leaks and mold. They will be educated on water  intrusion and mold issues, and once certified, this person will be kept  apprised of all changes in policies or protocols.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>B.First Response System<\/strong>.  The company will organize their warranty service team and\/or builders  in order to establish a first response system able to handle any water  leak\/intrusion-related situation. The objective is to develop  a group of responsible people that can quickly respond to a leak situation.  These employees will be educated on what we need to do to correct the  source of a water leak and dry out or remove any damaged materials.  Examples of the people who should be informed, trained and ready to  respond are:<\/font><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul type=\"disc\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Water restoration\/extraction    companies (familiar in extraction, <\/font><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul><font face=\"verdana\">dehumidification, etc.)<\/font><\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul type=\"disc\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Plumbing contractors<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Drywall contractors<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Mirror contractors<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Roofing companies<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Window installation    contractors<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Flooring contractors<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Foundation contractor<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Insulation contractor<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Siding contractor<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Gutter contractor <\/font><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">With proper time responses  of personnel and equipment, we should be able to correct and dry out  most initial leaks detected within the recommended 48-hour window.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Our contractors understand  the critical nature of water intrusion and the potential for mold to  develop quickly. Our company representative will be required to  review our water intrusion protocol with our contractors. The  first response team will be required to do many things. First,  conduct the initial evaluation and start the documentation process.  Second, secure the contaminated area. Third, determine the correct  cause of the problem and the contractors responsible, and establish  the proper steps to resolving the issue.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>C.Develop relationships  with local environmental professionals. <\/strong> The company should develop relationships with environmental professionals  who are capable of diagnosing and testing mold-related concerns, and  prescribing remediation. By developing these relationships now,  even if you currently have no issues, you will be able to call on them  quickly if the need arises.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>3. Prevention<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">One would not think that mold  and fungal growth would not occur in new materials as a home is being  built because construction materials going into a new structure are  generally dry, thus would not suffer from such fungal colonization. <\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">If the materials do remain  dry, then this would be the case; however, when these materials become  exposed to high humidity, condensation, penetrating or rising dampness  or other forms of moisture ingress, the materials become susceptible  to mold growth as well as other fungi.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Most timber is treated at the  plants and mills for wood decay problems or damage by wood-destroying  organisms such as termites. The materials are rarely ever treated  for mold or fungal growth. That is why it is very important to  store and protect delivered trusses and sheathing and keep drywall and  insulation dry and moisture-protect the structure as much as possible  during the construction phase. The less moisture, the less chanced  organisms have to grow.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Keep trusses and other structural  lumber, as well as nonstructural materials for interior work, off the  ground and covered to help prevent moisture exposure and migration.  Keep insulation and drywall off damp, moist floor slabs, and keep covered.  Never store these items outdoors. If the roof is not leak-free and the  building envelope is not &#8220;dried in&#8221;, you should not stock the structure  with these construction materials.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Remember that wood only requires  20% moisture to start mold and fungi growth. (Codes allow 19%  moisture, maximum). Consider that this equated to about a 90%  humidity level and about 70 to 90 degree air temperature and you have  the perfect source for mold growth.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Insist that your subcontractors  report hidden or openly visible signs of mold or mildew immediately  (such as truss and sheathing discoloration, damp or wet wall cavities,  damp or wet insulation). In these cases, do not allow the contractor  to install wet or damp gypsum board or insulation.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Be sure that attic insulation  is not blocking any required openings. This will restrict proper  attic space cross-ventilation. When ventilation is restricted,  it creates high humidity and a hot atmosphere in the attic, again, the  perfect breeding ground for molds and fungi. Most importantly,  have contractors close all windows when rain begins to enter the home.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">The bottom line is that it  is far less expensive to detect and treat mold or fungi during the construction  phase that it is to wait until the new homeowner moves in.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Do not forget that construction  mistakes can be concealed, only to come back to haunt you with mold  and fungi growth. An example would be a case where the subcontractor  is in a hurry to beat a &#8220;deadline&#8221; and installs wet or damp insulation  or gypsum board well before the building is completely enclosed, then  paints it before it dries. A situation such as this may lead to  future problems. Also, when materials such as insulation and drywall  are stored, and then get wet when rain leaks through an incomplete roof,  a contractor may proceed with the insulation installation anyhow.  The gypsum board gets covered up and becomes food for mold and fungi.  This condition may result in additional problems.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Tips to help minimize mold  growth during construction:<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul type=\"disc\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Wrap\/seal the exterior    of the home as soon as possible.<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Install windows    as soon as possible.<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Do not install insulation    until home is wrapped, windows are in, and roof<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul><font face=\"verdana\">is watertight.<\/font><\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul type=\"disc\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Take notice of musty    odors in the home because that indicates a presence<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul><font face=\"verdana\">of mold.<\/font><\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul type=\"disc\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Look for visible    signs of mold and abate the moisture source.<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Watch for condensation    and wet spots and eliminate sources of moisture.<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Do not install A\/C    ducts until after dry-in.<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Clean and dry any    wet or damp areas within 48 hours.<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Provide drainage    for roof rainwater and, during construction, maintain the ground with    a slope that drains water away from the foundation.<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Repair water leaks    in the building envelope as soon as possible.<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Exercise extra care    when cleaning up after water damage from flood and sewer water.<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">It is important that our homeowners  know that they do, indeed, reside in an environmentally safe home.  Precautionary measures should be taken from the time the foundation  and slabs are cast, to presentation to ensure that all construction  materials are properly stored, installed, and protected until occupancy.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Protocol for Investigation  of Potential Moisture Problems<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>A.Step One: The Visual  Inspection<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">In investigating potential  moisture problems and determining an appropriate course of action, it  is necessary to assess (a) the scope of the moisture and\/or mold problem,  and (b) the type of materials that have been damaged. Upon receiving  notice from a homeowner of a potential water penetration\/leak situation,  a visual inspection is the first and most important initial step in  identifying a possible problem. The visual inspection should be  used to answer three questions:<\/font><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ol type=\"1\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Is there a moisture    problem in the home?<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul><font face=\"verdana\">Moisture problems are:<\/p>\n<p>a) unintended water intrusion<\/font><\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul><font face=\"verdana\">b) excessive humidity<\/font><\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">If the answer is yes:<\/font><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ol start=\"2\" type=\"1\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">What is the source    and cause of the moisture problem? In evaluating this <\/font><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul><font face=\"verdana\">issue, consider all  potential sources and causes of the moisture such as plumbing leaks,  roof leaks, groundwater infiltration, surface runoff, flooding, excessive  humidity\/condensation within the home and homeowner maintenance.<\/font><\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ol start=\"3\" type=\"1\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Is there any water    damage or mold growth associated with the moisture<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul><font face=\"verdana\">problem and, if so,  what type of materials have been damaged?<\/font><\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">In some cases, indoor mold  growth may not be obvious. It is possible that mold may be growing  on hidden surfaces, such as the back side of drywall, wallpaper, or  paneling, the top of ceiling tiles, or the underside of vinyl, carpets  and pads. In order to prepare an adequate remediation plan, it  is necessary to assess the entire scope of the problem, including mold  growth that may not be obvious. If, for example, there is known  water damage and a musty or moldy smell in the house, it may be necessary  to investigate the presence of hidden mold.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Investigating hidden mold may  be difficult and will require caution when the investigation involves  disturbing potential sites of mold growth. For example, destructive  testing may be necessary to identify or locate the mold or the source  of the moisture. This may include removing portions of sheetrock,  substrate or ceiling tiles to inspect behind the outer covering, such  as in the wall cavity. In such a circumstance, the inspector should  adhere to the following guidelines:<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Notify  homeowner<\/strong>. Explain to the homeowner that the inspection may cause  dust and that Norfolk will take precautions to minimize the spread of  dust. Request that the homeowner, the children and pets stay out of  the work area and remove personal belongings as well.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Isolate  the work area<\/strong>. Isolate the work area air and materials from contact  with the occupants, their pets and their belongings. Close and cover  HVAC vents and grills.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"> <strong>Create a dustless opening<\/strong>.  Opening sheetrock, wood, ceramic or other materials should be performed  while minimizing dust include: (a) place a strip of masking tape with  the sticky side facing up to the cut to collect falling dust, (b) pre-wet  the area and the cut surface, and (c) if significant amounts of dust  will result from the operations, use a vacuum or an air scrubber with  a HEPA filter.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Take  notes and photographs of what you find during the inspection<\/strong>. If  mold growth is found or suspected, document the location and extent  of the contamination and the source and cause of the water or moisture.  Document the lack of visible mold growth as well. Take photographs during  the inspection to show areas where mold growth is found and moisture  has accumulated. If destructive testing is necessary, take notes on  the type of testing that is performed and procedures followed to minimize  contamination portions of the home.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>B.  Sampling and Testing for Mold<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">In most cases, if <em>visible  mold growth<\/em> is present, sampling is unnecessary because decisions  about appropriate remediation strategies can be made on the basis of  visual inspections. There may, however, be circumstances where  sampling is necessary. For example, sampling may be necessary  if:<\/font><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<ol type=\"1\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">A homeowner claims      serious respiratory or other serious health problems are being caused      or adversely affected by potential mold exposure;<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">The presence of      mold is suspected but cannot be identified by visual inspection or bulk      sampling.<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">The insurance company      requires testing prior to making payments.<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Air Sampling<\/strong>.  If air sampling is necessary, the sampling should be conducted and the  results analyzed by a certified environmental specialist. This  individual should be accredited by the American Industrial Hygiene Association  (AIHA) or an equivalent agency. Coordinate with the certified  environmental specialist to determine if the sampling and analysis can  be conducted on site. Most air sampling equipment used for analysis  on the site will not determine the type of mold present, but it will  give you the spore count. In the cases when on-site analysis is  not possible, coordinate\/request that the local laboratory returns the  results as soon as possible. In most cases, the specialist should  conduct the air sampling in the contaminated area, outside the contaminated  areas in the home and the outside air on two sides of the home.  A second air sample should be taken after remediation is completed.  The second air sampling should assist in determining whether the remediation  has been successful.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Bulk or Surface Sampling<\/strong>.  If you see staining or discoloration, bulk or surface samples may need  to be collected if (a) the results of a visual inspection are uncertain,  or (b) we need to provide proof to the homeowner of the absence of mold.  Surface sampling is done to determine whether the discoloration is,  in fact, mold.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Bulk or surface samplings are  typically sent to a laboratory for analysis. Documented  quality control in the laboratory is necessary and should be requested.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>C.  What factors should be examined in determining whether we repair the  water<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>  leak\/moisture and address any visible mold?<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">The terms of our limited warranty  typically provide a one-year general warranty and systems warranty (HVAC,  electrical and plumbing). Water leaks, water penetrations and  excessive condensation could fall within these terms. In addition,  implied warranties run from two to four years (depending on the state)  from the discovery of the latent defect. Even if the one year  warranty period has expired and the statute of limitations on the implied  warranties has run, we may no longer have a legal obligation to repair  the water source but we could still be liable for personal injuries  from the mold that results from the water. We are not released  from potential liability until the expiration of the statue of repose.  In most states the statute of repose does not expire until 10 years  from completion of the home. <\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">The _________ policy is to  investigate all warranty calls relating to water leaks, water penetrations,  excessive condensation, and mold, regardless of the closing date.  The investigation should address the previous three questions.  With the answers to those questions, we can address the following to  determine the appropriate response.<\/font><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ol type=\"a\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Cause of the water.    Is the cause of the water either clearly or arguable the <\/font><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul><font face=\"verdana\">result of defective  construction, normal wear and tear, or the result of homeowner action  or inaction (oversplash, lack of maintenance or direct improper action)?<\/font><\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ol start=\"2\" type=\"a\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Mold. Is there    evidence of mold in the home?<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Warranty.    Is there warranty coverage within the term of the warranty?<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Statute of repose.    Has the statute of repose run?<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>If mold is present or suspected<\/strong>  at the visual inspection, the mold protocol must be followed.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>If the statute of repose  has run<\/strong>:<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">We should notify the homeowner  that there is no coverage, but also apprise the homeowner that it is  important that they have the problem addressed by a professional.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>If the statute of repose  has not run<\/strong>:<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>No  Construction Defect Noted<\/strong>. If the cause of the water is <u> clearly<\/u> normal wear and tear or the result of homeowner action or  inaction, the Vice President of Construction must be consulted and he  should consult with Corporate legal counsel prior to warranty service  informing the homeowner that there is not coverage. The homeowner  should also be apprised that it is important that they have the problem  addressed by a professional. This response should be used whether  there is evidence of mold or not.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Defective  Construction \u00e2\u20ac\u201c Within or Outside Warranty Term<\/strong>. If the cause  of the water is either clearly or arguably the result of defective construction,  we should repair the defect and take whatever remedial action is necessary  to remove any mold and prevent future mold issues.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>D.First Response<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Identify and rectify the  water problem immediately. <\/strong> Mold spores are naturally occurring in the environment and certain levels  of mold spores will occur in the interior of homes even under ideal  conditions. To prevent water damage and mold growth from recurring,  ensure that the cause of the water problem is identified and corrected  immediately.<\/font><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ol type=\"a\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">During the inspection,    determine the cause of the water accumulation, infiltration and\/or condensation    and take appropriate corrective measures. <strong><u>Stop the leak<\/u><\/strong>.    Emphasis should be placed on ensuring proper repairs of the building    infrastructure so that water damage and moisture buildup does not recur.<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Any initial water    infiltration should be stopped and cleaned up immediately. An    immediate response and a thorough clean-up, drying, and\/or removal of    water-damaged materials within 48 hours in accordance with the following    Protocol for Mold Remediation will prevent or limit mold growth.    This is where your First Response Team is essential.<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Obviously, customer care and  warranty items directly affect your bottom line profitability.  However, as is the case with all warrantable items, homeowners, the  integrity of our company and its actions and the quality of our product  take precedence over the bottom line. Additionally, the failure  to address warranty items properly initially can lead to much larger  costs later.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>4.  Protocol for Mold Remediation<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ol type=\"A\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Background<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Mold in the environment<\/strong>.  Molds are a subset of the fungi family and are common, abundant, and  an essential part of the world&#8217;s ecological system. Fungi are  found nearly everywhere and are necessary for recycling organic material,  which is required to sustain plant and animal life.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Mold spores are airborne and  travel in and out of buildings as air is exchanged and with the movement  of people and their belongings. Mold grows on wet surfaces and,  if left untreated, may eventually release spores into the air.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Mold in buildings<\/strong>. The  presence of mold in residential and commercial buildings is generating  a new wave of litigation against builders, building owners, and property  managers for personal injury and property damage. It has been  the subject of disputes between insurers and their policyholders.  And, while mold growth in indoor environments is not new, the issue  has generated national media attention and led to the creation of dozens  of mold sites on the Internet. Visible mold growth in a home is  never acceptable; however, scientific and medical literature contains  differing opinions regarding the potential health effects of exposure  to mold. Moreover, there is conflicting information about the  proper methods for investigating and remediating mold, which has led  to uncertainty and fear in the minds of many.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Press coverage about lawsuits  and health studies involving mold has focused on one type of mold called  Stachybotrys chartarum, which has been named &#8220;the toxic mold&#8221;.  There is no particular reason why this mold should be singled out.  All molds should be addressed in the same manner.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Mold growth<\/strong>. In  order to reproduce, molds release tiny spores like plants produce seeds.  The spores settle on surfaces and, when conditions are favorable, they  begin to consume organic material in their immediate vicinity.  Molds can grow on cloth, carpet, leather, wood, wallboard, household  dust, and on anything that is made of organic material. Sustained  mold growth requires moisture, organic material (a food source), and  a suitable temperature generally in the range of 40 to 100 degrees F.  When one or more of these conditions is unsatisfactory, the mold colony  will become dormant. When favorable conditions are restored, the  dormant colony will resume its metabolic activity.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>How to limit mold growth<\/strong>.  The most practical approach to limiting mold growth is early detection  and prompts resolution of excessive moisture. If you can see mold  or detect an earthy or musty odor, you can assume you have a moisture  problem that must be resolved in order to achieve a permanent solution  to arresting mold growth.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Controlling indoor air moisture  will reduce the probability of mold growth from condensing water on  interior surfaces such as on walls, windows, and areas near air conditioning  supply registers. Relative humidity is a measure of the amount  of water vapor in air. Relative humidity meters are useful for  detecting excessive moisture. These are available at most hardware  stores.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Moisture sources that increase  indoor air relative humidity are: habitation (people release moisture),  bathing cooking, plants, washing and air-drying dishes and clothes,  unvented combustion appliances, humidifiers, and outdoor ventilation  air in humid climates. Another moisture source is water from leaks  such as from pipes, rain water leakage through windows, roof flashing,  etc.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Set forth below is the protocol  developed for _________. This information is subject to change  as the protocol is further refined.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>B.  Step One: Selecting a Remediation  Employee and Formulating a <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Plan to Remediate<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Select and certify a remediation  employee for jobs involving affected areas of 30 square feet or less.  In situations involving affected areas of more than 30 square feet,  a certified industrial hygienist should serve as the remediation employee;  however, in all cases of remediation the company&#8217;s remediation employee  must stay involved keeping complete records with full documentation  on every case.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">The remediation employee will  be responsible for formulating a remediation plan. The remediation  plan should address:<\/font><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ol type=\"1\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\"><em>Steps to fix    the water or moisture problem.<\/em><\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\"><em>The use of Personal    Protective Equipment.<\/em><\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\"><em>Steps to carefully    contain and remove moldy building materials to avoid spreading the mold.<\/em><\/font><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">The remediation employee must  protect the health and safety of the building occupants and the persons  doing the remediation. In some cases, especially those involving  large areas of contamination, the remediation plan may include temporary  relocation of some or all of the building occupants. The decision  to relocate occupants should consider the size and type of area affected  by mold growth, the type and extent of the health effects reported by  the occupants (if any), the potential health risks that could be associated  with debris, and the amount of disruption likely to be caused by remediation  activities.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">A remediation plan may vary  greatly depending upon the size and complexity of the job. The  remediation plan may require revision if circumstances change or new  facts are discovered.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>C.The HVAC System<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">If you know or suspect that  the HVAC system is contaminated with mold, do not run the HVAC system.  There may be mold growth in the HVAC if the system is part of an identified  moisture problem (i.e., the system has come in contact with water) or  there is mold growth near the intake to the system. In such a  circumstance, contact a properly certified industrial hygienist to perform  the remediation as this situation is outside the scope of the less than  30 square feet on contaminated material and a remediation contractor  should perform repairs.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>D.  Guidelines for Cleaning Water Damaged Materials and Remediating Mold <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Growth<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">The key to mold control is  moisture control. When addressing mold problems, always address the  source of the moisture problem. In most instances, it is advisable  to fix the water or humidity problem <em>prior to<\/em> correcting water  damage or remediating mold growth.<\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Guidelines  for Response to Clean Water Damage Within<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>24-48 Hours  to Prevent Mold Growth<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">The enclosed guide provides  recommended guidelines for responding to damage caused by clean water  within 24-48 hours of the water damage. In most instances, mold  growth will not begin until sometime after 24-48 of water damage.  Thus, it is imperative to respond to water damage claims as soon as  possible.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">It is important to note that  mold growth will not always occur after 48 hours. On the other  hand, even if materials are dried within 48 hours, mold growth may have  occurred. Items should be tested if there is doubt.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Typically, these guidelines  can be implemented by Norfolk representatives (i.e., not remediation  contractors). If mold growth has occurred or materials have been  wet for more than 48 hours, consult the enclosed guide. If you  know or suspect that the water source is contaminated with sewage or  chemical or biological pollutants, an experienced professional should  be consulted. Do not use fans before determining that the water  is clean or sanitary. Additionally, do not use fans unless the  area being dried is cleaned, treated and the moving air is controlled  (i.e. outside) and will not contaminate any other area of the building.<\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Guidelines  for Remediating Building Materials with Mold Growth Caused by Clean  Water \u00e2\u20ac\u201c Total Surface area Affected Between 10 and up to but not more  than <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>30 Square  Feet<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Typically, this type of remediation  can be conducted by Norfolk representatives (i.e., not remediation contractors)  if the affected area is not greater than 30 square feet in size.  Even if the affected area is less than 30 square feet in size, a properly  certified industrial hygienist should be retained to perform the remediation  if the project presents unique or complicated issues. If the affected  area is more than 30 square feet in size, a properly certified industrial  hygienist should be retained to perform the remediation. In every  case, a specific Scope of Work is required. <\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Personal Protective Equipment<\/strong>.  Use professional judgment in deciding what type of personal protective  equipment to use in each type of remediation. You must consider  the potential for exposure and the size of the affected area.  At a minimum, the remediators should use gloves, an N-95 respirator  or half-face respirator with HEPA filter, disposable overalls and goggles\/eye  protection. On larger projects, remediators should use gloves,  disposable full body clothing, head gear, foot coverings, and a full-face  respirator with HEPA filter.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Containment.<\/strong> Limited  containment is generally recommended for areas involving between 10  and 30 square feet of mold contamination. The enclosure around  the moldy area should consist of a single layer of 6-mil, polyethylene  sheeting. The containment should have a slit entry and covering  flap on the outside of the containment area. For small areas,  the polyethylene sheeting can be affixed to floors and ceiling with  duct tape. For larger areas, a settle or wooden stud frame can  be erected and polyethylene sheeting attached to it. All supply  and air vents, door, chases, and risers within the containment area  must be sealed with polyethylene sheeting to minimize the migration  of contaminants to other parts of the building. Heavy mold growth  on ceiling tiles may impact HVAC systems if the space above the ceiling  is used as a return air plenum. In this case, containment should  be installed from the floor to the ceiling deck, and the <\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">filters in the air handling  units serving the affected area may have to be replaced once remediation  is completed.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">The containment area must be  maintained under negative pressure relative to surrounding areas.  This will ensure that contaminated air does not flow into adjacent areas.  This can be done with a HEPA-filtered fan unit exhausted outside of  the building. For small, easily contained areas, an exhaust fan  ducted to the outdoors can also be used. The surfaces of all objects  removed from the containment area should be remediated\/cleaned prior  to removal or placed in a dirty bag and cleaned in a specific cleaning  area prior to being stored during remediation. The remediation  guidelines set forth above can be implemented when the containment is  completely sealed and is under negative pressure relative to the surrounding  area.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong><u>Material or Furnishing  Affected<\/u><u>Cleanup Methods<\/u><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Books and papers*Remove water-damaged  materials <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> and seal in plastic bags while <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> inside of containment. Dispose  of<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> as normal waste. HEPA vacuum <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> area after it is dried.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">______________________________<wbr><\/wbr>______________________________<wbr><\/wbr>____________<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Carpet and backing*Water extraction  vacuum with HEPA<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> filters. Steam cleaning  may be an<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> alternative for the carpet.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\">*HEPA vacuum after the material has<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> been thoroughly dried.  Dispose of<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> contents of the HEPA vacuum  in well-<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> sealed plastic bags.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\">*Remove water-damaged materials and<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> seal in plastic bags while inside  of<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> containment. Dispose of  as normal waste.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> HEPA vacuum area after it is  dried.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">______________________________<wbr><\/wbr>______________________________<wbr><\/wbr>____________<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Concrete or cinder block*Wet  vacuum.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\">*HEPA vacuum after the material has  been<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> thoroughly dried. Dispose  of contents of <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> the HEPA vacuum in well-sealed  plastic <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> bags.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">______________________________<wbr><\/wbr>______________________________<wbr><\/wbr>____________<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Hard surface, flooring (linoleum,  ceramic*Water extraction vacuum with HEPA <\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">tile, vinyl) filters.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\">*Damp-wipe surfaces with water and <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> detergent solution and scrub  as needed.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\">*HEPA vacuum after the material has  been<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> thoroughly dried. Dispose  of contents<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> of the HEPA vacuum in well-sealed  plastic<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> bags.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Non-porous, hard surfaces (plastics,*Water  extraction vacuum with HEPA filter.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">metals)*Damp-wipe surfaces  with water and <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> detergent solution and scrub  as needed.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\">*HEPA vacuum after the material has  been<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> thoroughly dried. Dispose  of contents of<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> the HEPA vacuum in well-sealed  plastic <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> bags.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">______________________________<wbr><\/wbr>______________________________<wbr><\/wbr>____________<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Upholstered furniture and drapes*Water  extraction vacuum with HEPA <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> filters. Steam cleaning  may be an<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> alternative for some upholostered<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> furniture.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\">*HEPA vacuum after the material has  been<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> thoroughly dried. Dispose  of contents of <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> the HEPA vacuum in well-sealed  plastic<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> bags.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\">*Remove water-damaged materials and  seal <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> in plastic bags while inside  of containment.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> Dispose of as normal waste.  HEPA <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> vacuum area after it is dried.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">______________________________<wbr><\/wbr>______________________________<wbr><\/wbr>____________<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Wall board (drywall and gypsum  board)*Remove water-damaged materials and seal<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> in plastic bags while inside  of containment. <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> Dispose of as normal waste.  HEPA <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> vacuum area after it is dried.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\">*Ventilate the wall cavities with an  air <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> scrubber and fans in the contained  space.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">______________________________<wbr><\/wbr>______________________________<wbr><\/wbr>____________<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Wood surfaces*Water extraction  vacuum with HEPA<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> Filters.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\">*Damp-wipe surfaces with plain water  or<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> with wood floor cleaner and  scrub as<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> needed.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\">*HEPA vacuum after the material has  been<\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> thoroughly dried. Dispose  of contents of <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> the HEPA vacuum in well-sealed  plastic <\/font><\/p>\n<p><wbr><\/wbr><font face=\"verdana\"> bags.<\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><font face=\"verdana\"><strong><em><u>All  Other Remediation Activities<\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><font face=\"verdana\">*<strong>Areas of  more than 30 feet<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>*Damage caused  by contaminated water<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>*Projects  with unique or complicated issues<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">As a general guideline, if  the remediation involves areas of more than 30 square feet, the damage  is caused by contaminated water, or the project presents unique or complicated  issues, a properly certified industrial hygienist should be retained  to perform the remediation.<\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><font face=\"verdana\"><strong><em><u>Document  the Remediation<\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>*Applies  to all remediation activities, whether performed by Norfolk Homes, its<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>subcontractors  or other remediation contractors<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Take notes of all undertaken  activities during the remediation, including all measures taken to minimize  the risk of further contamination. Take photographs and\/or videos  during the remediation to show:<\/font><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<ol type=\"1\">\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Areas where mold      growth was found,<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Areas adjacent to      the mold growth to demonstrate the extent of the growth,<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Areas where the      moisture had accumulated,<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">Measures taken during      the remediation, and<\/font><\/li>\n<li><font face=\"verdana\">The success of the      remediation effort.<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>E.Cleanup methods<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Water Extraction Vacuum. <\/strong> Water extraction vacuums are vacuum cleaners designed to collect water  and are equipped with a HEPA filter. They can be used to remove  water from floors, carpets, and hard surfaces where water has accumulated.  They should not be used to vacuum porous materials, such as gypsum board.  They should be used only when materials are still wet because wet vacuums  may spread spores if sufficient liquid is not present. The tanks,  hoses, and attachments of these vacuums should be thoroughly cleaned  and dried after use since mold and mold spores may stick to the surfaces.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Damp Wipe<\/strong>. Mold  can generally be removed from nonporous (hard) surfaces by wiping or  scrubbing with water, or water and detergent. It is important  to dry these surfaces quickly and thoroughly to discourage further mold  growth. Instructions for cleaning surfaces, as listed on product  labels, should always be read and followed. Porous materials that  are wet and have mold growing on them may have to be discarded.  Since molds will infiltrate porous substances and grow on or fill in  empty spaces or crevices, the mold can be difficult or impossible to  remove completely.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>HEPA Vacuum<\/strong>. HEPA  (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) vacuums are recommended for final  cleanup of remediation areas after materials have been thoroughly dried  and contaminated materials removed. HEPA vacuums are also recommended  for cleanup of dust that may have settled on surfaces outside the remediation  area. Care must be taken to assure that the filter is properly  seated in the vacuum so that all the air must pass through the filter.  When changing the filter, remediators should wear personal protective  equipment to prevent exposure to the mold that has been captured.  The filter and contents of the HEPA vacuum must be disposed of in well-sealed  plastic bags.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Remove Damaged Materials  and Seal in Plastic Bags<\/strong>. Building materials and furnishings  that are contaminated with mold growth and are not salvageable should  be double-bagged using 6-mil polyethylene sheeting. These materials  can then usually be discarded as ordinary construction waste.  It is important to package mold-contaminated materials in sealed bags  before removal from the containment area to minimize the dispersion  of mold spores throughout the building. Large items that have  heavy mold growth should be covered with polyethylene sheeting and sealed  with duct tape before they are removed from the containment area.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>F.Personal Protective Equipment<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">The primary function of Personal  Protective Equipment (PPE) is to avoid inhaling mold and mold spores  and to avoid mold contact with the skin or eyes. All individuals  using certain PPE, such as half-face or full-face respirators, must  be trained, must have medical clearance, and must be fit-tested by a  trained professional. In addition, the use of respirators must  follow a complete respiratory protection program as specified by the  Occupational Safety and Health Administration.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Skin and Eye Protection<\/strong>.  Long gloves that extend to the middle of the forearm are recommended.  The glove material should be selected based on the type of materials  being handled. If you are using a biocide (such as chlorine bleach)  or a strong cleaning solution, you should select gloves made from natural  rubber, neoprene, nitrile, polyurethane, or PVC. If you  are using a mild detergent or plain water, ordinary household rubber  gloves may be used.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">To protect your eyes, use properly  fitted goggles or a full-face respirator with HEPA filter. Goggles  must be designed to prevent the entry of dust and small particles.  Safety glasses or goggles with open vent holes are not acceptable.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Respiratory protection. <\/strong> When cleaning a small area affected by mold, you should use an<strong> <\/strong> N-95 respirator. This device covers the nose and mouth, will filter  out 95% of the particulates in the air, and is available in most hardware  stores.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">On most remediation projects  involving 10-30 square feet of affected area, remediators should use  a half-face or full-face air purifying respirator (APR) equipped with  a HEPA filter cartridge. These respirators contain both inhalation  and exhalation valves that filter the air and ensure that it is free  of mold particles. Half-face APRs do not provide eye protection  and HEPA filters do no remove vapors or gases. You should always  use respirators approved by the National Institute for Occupational  Safety and Health.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Disposable Protective Clothing<\/strong>.  Disposable clothing is recommended during a remediation project involving  10 square feet or more of contamination to prevent the transfer and  spread of mold to clothing and to eliminate skin contact with mold.  On most projects, involving 10-30 square feet of affected area, disposable  paper overalls can be used. On larger projects, remediators should  use mold imperious disposable head and foot coverings, and a body suit  made of a breathable material, such as TYVEK. All gaps, such as  those around ankles and wrists, should be sealed (many remediators use  duct tape to seal clothing).<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>6.Conclusion<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">In summary, the prompt remediation  of contaminated material and infrastructure repair must be the primary  response to fungal contamination in buildings. The simplest and  most expedient remediation that properly and safely removes fungal growth  from buildings should be used. In all situations, the underlying  cause of water accumulation must be rectified or the fungal growth will  recur. Emphasis should be placed on preventing contamination through  proper building maintenance and prompt repair of water damaged areas.<\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><font face=\"verdana\"><strong>Selected  Reference Materials<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><u>Mold Remediation in Schools  and Commercial Buildings<\/u>, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,  Office of Air and Radiation, Indoor Environments Division, EPA 402-K-01-001  (March 2001).<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><u>Building Air Quality<\/u>,  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and National Institute of Occupational  Safety and Health, EPA 402 K 98 001, NIOSH 98-1213.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><u>Guidelines on Assessment  and Remediation of Fungi in Indoor Environments<\/u>, New York City Department  of Health Bureau of Environmental &amp; Occupational Disease Epidemiology.<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><u>How to Prevent and Remove  Mildew<\/u>, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural  Sciences (June 6, 2001).<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><u>Mold in Residential Building<\/u>,  Tool Base Technote, National Association of Home Builders (September  9, 2001).<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\"><u>Builder&#8217;s Guide to Handling  Mold Claims and Litigation<\/u>, National Association of Home Builders  (November 2001).<\/font><\/p>\n<p><font face=\"verdana\">Note that the EPA and the News  York City Health Department recommend using detergent to clean mold  from certain surfaces. Others recommend the use of a biocide such  as bleach. The California Department of Health Services recommends  a thorough cleaning and rinsing followed by disinfecting the area with  a solution of 10% household bleach (e.g., 1 \u00c2\u00bd cup bleach per gallon  of water).<\/font><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>environmental Strategist, between the lines: A client of ours, who shall remain anonymous, is a residential developer, contractor and remediator and they created &#8220;__________Protocol For Water Leaks and Moisture Analysis&#8221;, to educate their client&#8217;s and bring value to their product. I feel this competitive environmental intelligence gives you a proactive platform in dealing with mold.&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/estrategist.com\/members\/protocol-for-water-leaks-and-moisture-analysis\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">PROTOCOL FOR WATER LEAKS AND MOISTURE ANALYSIS<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-159","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-resources","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/estrategist.com\/members\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/159","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/estrategist.com\/members\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/estrategist.com\/members\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estrategist.com\/members\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estrategist.com\/members\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=159"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/estrategist.com\/members\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/159\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/estrategist.com\/members\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estrategist.com\/members\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estrategist.com\/members\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}